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Act of special interests (often corporations), influencing politicians (mostly by monetary means), to enact policies that are favorable to the special interests.
The ROI (Return on Investment) for lobbying is mind boggling. As far as headlines go here is article by forbes How The Fortune 100 Turned 400 Billion of Taxpayer Cash.
When lobbyists represent special interests such as for profit prisons some real serious problems are exacerbate, Go to USA Prisons for profit.
How many countries ban lobbying? al